Luther's Little Instruction Book: The Small Catechism of Martin Luther Translation by Robert E. Smith From the German text, printed in: Triglot Concordia: The Symbolical Books of the Ev. Lutheran Church. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921, pp. 538-559. Note: This version of the Small Catechism is under continuous revision. Please check your source for this file from time to time to obtain updated versions of this text. Fort Wayne, Indiana: Project Wittenberg, 2004 I. The Ten Commandments The Simple Way a Father Should Present Them to His Household The First Commandment You must not have other gods. (Exodus 20:3) What does this mean? We must fear, love, and trust God more than anything else. The Second Commandment You must not misuse your God's name. (Exodus 20:7) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will not use His name to curse, swear, cast a spell, lie or deceive, but will use it to call upon Him, pray to Him, praise Him and thank Him in all times of trouble. The Third Commandment You must keep the Sabbath holy. (Exodus 20:8) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will not look down on preaching or God's Word, but consider it holy, listen to it willingly, and learn it. The Fourth Commandment You must honor your father and mother. [So that things will go well for you and you will live long on earth]. (Exodus 20:12) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will neither look down on our parents or superiors nor irritate them, but will honor them, serve them, obey them, love them and value them. The Fifth Commandment You must not kill. (Exodus 20:13) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will neither harm nor hurt our neighbor's body, but help him and care for him when he is ill. The Sixth Commandment You must not commit adultery. (Exodus 20:14) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that our words and actions will be clean and decent and so that everyone will love and honor their spouses. The Seventh Commandment You must not steal. (Exodus 20:15) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will neither take our neighbor's money or property, nor acquire it by fraud or by selling him poorly made products, but will help him improve and protect his property and career. The Eighth Commandment You must not tell lies about your neighbor. (Exodus 20:16 ) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will not deceive by lying, betraying, slandering or ruining our neighbor's reputation, but will defend him, say good things about him, and see the best side of everything he does. The Ninth Commandment You must not desire your neighbor's house. (Exodus 20:17) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will not attempt to trick our neighbor out of his inheritance or house, take it by pretending to have a right to it, etc. but help him to keep & improve it. The Tenth Commandment You must not desire your neighbor's wife, servant, maid, animals or anything that belongs to him. (Exodus 20:17) What does this mean? We must fear and love God, so that we will not release our neighbor's cattle, take his employees from him or seduce his wife, but urge them to stay and do what they ought to do. The Conclusion to the Commandments What does God say to us about all these commandments? This is what He says: "I am the Lord Your God. I am a jealous God. I plague the grandchildren and great-grandchildren of those who hate me with their ancestor's sin. But I make whole those who love me for a thousand generations." (Exodus 20:5) What does it mean? God threatens to punish everyone who breaks these commandments. We should be afraid of His anger because of this and not violate such commandments. But He promises grace and all good things to those who keep such commandments. Because of this, we, too, should love Him, trust Him, and willingly do what His commandments require. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This text was translated in 1994, revised in 2002 and revised and expanded in 2004 for Project Wittenberg by Robert E. Smith. It has been placed in the public domain by him. You may freely distribute, copy or print this text. Please direct any comments or suggestions to Rev. Robert E. Smith of the Walther Library at: Concordia Theological Seminary Email: smithre@mail.ctsfw.edu Surface Mail: 6600 N. Clinton St., Ft. Wayne, IN 46825 USA Phone: (260) 452-3149 Fax: (260) 452-2126 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________